Hearsay: Strange Things Are Afoot

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , , ,
By Eileen Burkhalter Smith

I can’t get enough of this situation in IllinoisThe legislature passed a law in 2008, to allow into evidence hearsay statements from witnesses who were murdered in the trials about the murders.

The law has been called the “Drew Peterson Law” because it is being immediately used by the prosecution in an attempt to introduce 15 hearsay statements that Kathleen Savio, Mr. Peterson’s third wife, allegedly made to people about her ex-husband, prior to her death in 2004.  Currently, an Illinois court is determining the trustworthiness of these 15 statements and will make a decision about whether they are admissible in Mr. Peterson’s trial relating to Ms. Savio’s 2004 death.  The Court has already kept out one of the statements (purportedly made to a pastor) and is considering the others.

The law creates a hearsay exception for statements “offered against a party that has killed the declarant . . . intending to procure the unavailability of the declarant as a witness in a criminal or civil proceeding.”  725 ILCS 5/115-10.6.

Obviously, this is creating heated debate on both sides, and is requiring the airing of much of the evidence before the trial itself.  Many of the legal documents in this matter are available here.

Who knew hearsay could be such a hot topic?

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Is Discovery the Red-Headed Step-child?

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,
By Eileen Burkhalter Smith

Query: Are discovery responses of a party admissible as evidence, if offered by that party? Your response will surely be “for what purpose?”  But, does it matter?

I have touched on a similar topic before here concerning pleadings.  I think we can all agree that pleadings are admissible in a trial.  As I said in the earlier post, pleadings are allowed in part because they are “court records” and contain “adjudicative facts.”  See Federal Rule of Evidence 201.  Should discovery responses fall under this rule?

In a recent trial, I asked a party representative a question—the exact question that had been asked of my party in interrogatories.  My party representative was poised to give the same response we had provided to the interrogatory about four years ago.  The other side objected and argued “relevance;” sustained.  Without considering its actual relevance, I wonder if this would have worked if the roles had been reversed?  Would the evidence have been kept out if I had wanted to prevent it—evidence asked of a party representative which had been provided in interrogatories?

I am really not sure of the answer, nor what it should be.  I think a pleading or discovery response (which, incidentally, in some courts, would have been a pleading) is different than deposition testimony or documentary evidence.  It is a response of a party which was prepared and signed.  Who’s with me?   

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Jury Watch: Amanda Knox Trial

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,
By Eileen Burkhalter Smith

This is by far one of the more interesting criminal cases of which I am aware—there is everything in this case—drug allegations, Italian boyfriends, an American abroad.  After years of imprisonment, and a ridiculously long and drawn-out trial, the Amanda Knox murder trial is to the Italian jury (at the end of the week, no less) today.  This is as exciting as it gets, folks.  Check out a good summary of the trial.

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Depositions Again — Two Observations

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,
By Eileen Burkhalter Smith 

I have been thinking a lot lately about deposition strategy and techniques.  In a recent jury trial, a couple of deposition techniques (done by others) really stood out to me.

First, I have always wondered why people say “strike that” when re-starting a question during a deposition.  I have never seen a transcript that actually omitted the previous question (more accurately, I suppose, I have always seen that phrase included along with the offending question).  So, what’s the point?  We all know that once you get in the habit of saying something to re-start a question, it will happen without your control.  In any event, in my recent trial, five video depositions were shown to the jury.  It was remarkable to me, how often “strike that” was said in these depositions (taken by different lawyers on both sides).  I think it really muddied the playing of the deposition, and it added one more “technical” term to an already technical trial.  Certainly, a jury understands the colloquial use of the phrase “strike that,” but I wonder if hearing it repeatedly distracted them even for a moment from the substantive testimony?

Second, I was surprised how effective it was when the “taking” lawyer said “explain to the jury, what that means” or “show the jury on your exhibit….”  Again, that is one of those tactics that always makes me chuckle during the deposition when the jury isn’t there.  But, I think it is really effective when actually played to a jury.  In my recent trial, a couple of the depositions were taken years ago—some over five years—but by using that phrase, it almost seemed as if the witness was testifying live.  Which, I guess, is the point.

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Watch Your Body Language in Court

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , , ,

By Robert Chapski 

We have all been there.  Sometimes the judge rules against you even when you spent days working on the fool proof brief and know the law better than anyone could (or should).   One lawyer learned the hard way, though, that it never pays to show your disdain for the Court

Who really knows what happened in the case of a Georgia lawyer who was found in contempt after what the Court perceived to be a disrespectful reaction to a ruling. 

Nevertheless, better to err on the side of caution and take whatever ruling a court hands down with a poker face.  There are other venues and other battles to fight. 

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First Juries, Now Witnesses

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,

By Eileen Burkhalter Smith 

We have previously mentioned the uptick in jurors texting and messaging during trial. 

This week, a Miami-Dade Circuit Judge declared a mistrial in a civil fraud case resulting from a witness text-messaging on the stand.  The witness was the CEO of the Plaintiff, and he was texting to another company employee who had previously testified.   

A courtroom spectator brought this to the Judge's attention, and the Defense's request for a mistrial was granted.  The Judge's exasperation seems well-founded (especially because this witness had been reprimanded before in this trial about communicating with another witness).

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Expert Witness Deposition—Show me his wallet!

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,

By Eileen Burkhalter Smith  

I think a big challenge to a young lawyer in taking any deposition is knowing what you are entitled to “discover” through questioning and document review.  This is especially difficult with expert witnesses who often have files and documents you may not have seen prior to the deposition.  

I once had an opposing lawyer, one who had been practicing much longer than me, get very irritated with me when I asked to review the expert’s file during a deposition.  The expert’s file was lengthy, and he had referred to it throughout the deposition.  Even though we had discussed a few pages in the file, I asked to look at the whole thing, page by page.  The opposing lawyer was shocked and said “do you want to see what’s in his wallet, too?!”  I was surprised by his obvious frustration, and I believe my response was “uh, no, that is okay.”  

At the time, I knew I was entitled to see the file, and I could not figure out why my opponent was so exasperated.  The rules don’t require me to prove that this information is relevant, and it certainly isn’t privileged.  I think if the expert brings it into the deposition, I am entitled to see it.  Next time, I am going to say, “Sure.  He brought it into the deposition, so hand it over!” 

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Update: Juror Twittering Did Not Affect Jury Verdict

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,

By Eileen Burkhalter Smith

Check out this article where an Arkansas State Court Judge held that a juror's real time text messages about a trial did not affect the jury's verdict, and while in "poor taste" were not "improper conduct."

The Defendant, against whom a substantial verdict was entered, appealed the verdict based on the juror's text messages sent to a public website about the trial during trial. His messages referenced the name of the Defendant, the verdict entered, and the juror's feelings about it. The Court held a hearing at which the juror testified concerning his texts.

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Tech Interference with Juries

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,

By Eileen Burkhalter Smith

Great article in the New York Times about the effect of technology on juries, and, more specifically, technology's interference with jury trials. Several recent trials have been appealed or declared a mistrial because of jurors getting public information about the case from their phones with internet access, or posting updates on public messaging sites during the trial or deliberations. 

I dealt with a jury consulting company recently that mentioned they had run into this too. They monitored Facebook during voir dire and were able to eliminate several potential jurors who posted to their Facebook pages during the voir dire, about serving on the jury in that trial. I suspect this may become much more of a problem in the future.

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Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Racial Motivation?

Posted by wlansden | Filed under , ,

By Brian Malcom 

In case you've missed it, banks are getting a good bit of the blame for the subprime mortgage crisis.  Today, the NAACP will file a suit in a Los Angeles federal court accusing Wells Fargo and HSBC of steering minorities toward subprime loans.  The NAACP is expected to allege that white borrowers with the same loan qualifications received better interest rates than black borrowers.

Jesse Washington for the Associated Press reports that Austin Tighe, co-lead counsel for the NAACP, believes black homebuyers have been 3 1/2 times more likely to receive a subprime loan than white borrowers and "six times more likely to get a subprime rate when refinancing."  In other words, the NAACP believes black applicants were steered into subprime loans despite having qualifications equal to white loan applicants.

Today's suit is not the first of its kind.  Larry Childs, a partner at Waller Lansden, submitted an article for the 2009 Banking Law Seminar in Birmingham, Alabama a month ago today.  The article, Heads You Lose, Tails You Lose: Lender Liability in the New Age of Banking, covered this recent trend of blaming the banks.  Childs wrote, "[t]he cities of Baltimore, Cleveland, and Birmingham, among others, all sued lenders claiming predatory lending.  The municipal/plaintiffs’ lawyer coalition have so far named national and regional lenders who have made the most loans to low-income borrowers and, consequently, have had the highest rates of default.”  Childs predicted that, “[w]ith a worsening economy, litigation relating to subprime loans and predatory lending will continue to increase.”    

While today’s suit by the NAACP is not being brought by a government, like the suits in Baltimore, Birmingham, and Cleveland, the suit will likely contain very similar allegations of discrimination and targeting.  This suit may be a preview of a wave of litigation by private and/or non-profit organizations seeking relief from lending institutions.

Read the Associated Press article here.

Read Larry Childs’s article here:  Heads You Lose Tails You Lose- Lender Liability in the New Age of Banking.pdf (177.08 kb)

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